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diff --git a/PbSe_global_analysis/mybib.bib b/PbSe_global_analysis/mybib.bib deleted file mode 100644 index b195cce..0000000 --- a/PbSe_global_analysis/mybib.bib +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1268 +0,0 @@ -@article{Besemann2004, - author = {Besemann, Daniel M. and Meyer, Kent A. and Wright, John C.}, - title = {{Spectroscopic Characteristics of Triply Vibrationally - Enhanced Four-Wave Mixing Spectroscopy †}}, - journal = {The Journal of Physical Chemistry B}, - volume = 108, - number = 29, - pages = {10493--10504}, - year = 2004, - doi = {10.1021/jp049597l}, - url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jp049597l}, - abstract = {Triply vibrationally enhanced (TRIVE) four-wave mixing is a - fully resonant, frequency domain spectroscopy that is capable - of coherent multidimensional vibrational spectroscopy. TRIVE - has 12 different coherence pathways that differ in their time - ordering and resonances. The pathways are the coherent - analogue to two-color pump-probe pathways. Specific pathways - or sets of pathways can be chosen by appropriate selection of - time delays and resonance conditions. The pathways have - characteristic positions and line shapes in three-dimensional - frequency space and their coherent interference has - consequences in interpreting the spectra. The line shapes and - the relative intensities of different pathways are dependent - on the population relaxation and dephasing rates. The - different pathways also have different capabilities for - line-narrowing inhomogeneously broadened transitions. The - narrowing is controlled by the interference between pathways - and the quantum level interference between different parts of - the inhomogeneously broadened envelope. We also show that - selection of the output frequency in two-color TRIVE methods - constrains the selection rules that control the relative - transition probabilities of the four transitions.}, - file = {::}, - issn = {1520-6106}, - month = {jul}, -} - -@article{Block2012, - author = {Block, Stephen B. and Yurs, Lena a. and Pakoulev, Andrei V. - and Selinsky, Rachel Sarah and Jin, Song and Wright, John C.}, - title = {{Multiresonant Multidimensional Spectroscopy of - Surface-Trapped Excitons in PbSe Quantum Dots}}, - journal = {The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters}, - volume = 3, - number = 18, - pages = {2707--2712}, - year = 2012, - doi = {10.1021/jz300599b}, - url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jz300599b}, - file = {::}, - issn = {1948-7185}, - month = {sep}, -} - -@article{BritoCruz1988, - author = {{Brito Cruz}, C.H. and Gordon, J.P. and Becker, P.C. and Fork, - R.L. and Shank, C.V.}, - title = {{Dynamics of spectral hole burning}}, - journal = {IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics}, - volume = 24, - number = 2, - pages = {261--269}, - year = 1988, - doi = {10.1109/3.122}, - url = {http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/122/}, - file = {::}, - issn = {0018-9197}, - month = {feb}, -} - -@article{Carlson1989, - author = {Carlson, Roger J. and Wright, John C.}, - title = {{Absorption and Coherent Interference Effects in Multiply - Resonant Four-Wave Mixing Spectroscopy}}, - journal = {Applied Spectroscopy}, - volume = 43, - number = 7, - pages = {1195--1208}, - year = 1989, - doi = {10.1366/0003702894203408}, - url = - {http://openurl.ingenta.com/content/xref?genre=article{\&}issn=0003-7028{\&}volume=43{\&}issue=7{\&}spage=1195}, - abstract = {The effects of coherent interference between resonant and - nonresonant signals and the effects of absorption on - multiresonant four-wave mixing spectra are investigated both - theoretically and experimentally in azu- iene-doped - naphthalene crystals at 2 K. Both effects can strongly alter - line shapes and intensities. Line splittings and negative - spectral features are demonstrated. Coherent interference, - although measurable in this system, is weak. Absorption, - however, plays an important role, and its effects on phase - matching, peak shapes, and peak intensities are pre- dicted - theoretically and are confirmed by the experimental measure- - ments. A new expression for the four-wave mixing is derived in - terms of sample absorption coefficients and absorption cross - sections, and gen- eral conditions for maximum efficiency are - determined.}, - file = {::}, - issn = 00037028, - keywords = {M-factors}, - mendeley-tags ={M-factors}, - month = {sep}, -} - -@article{Czech2015, - author = {Czech, Kyle J. and Thompson, Blaise J. and Kain, Schuyler and - Ding, Qi and Shearer, Melinda J. and Hamers, Robert J. and - Jin, Song and Wright, John C.}, - title = {{Measurement of Ultrafast Excitonic Dynamics of Few-Layer MoS - 2 Using State-Selective Coherent Multidimensional - Spectroscopy}}, - journal = {ACS Nano}, - volume = 9, - number = 12, - pages = {12146--12157}, - year = 2015, - doi = {10.1021/acsnano.5b05198}, - url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acsnano.5b05198}, - abstract = {We report the first coherent multidimensional spectroscopy - study of a MoS2 film. A four-layer sample of MoS2 was - synthesized on a silica substrate by a simplified sulfidation - reaction and characterized by absorption and Raman - spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and transmission - electron microscopy. State-selective coherent multidimensional - spectroscopy (CMDS) on the as-prepared MoS2 film resolved the - dynamics of a series of diagonal and cross-peak features - involving the spin-orbit split A and B excitonic states and - continuum states. The spectra are characterized by striped - features that are similar to those observed in CMDS studies of - quantum wells where the continuum states contribute strongly - to the initial excitation of both the diagonal and cross-peak - features, while the A and B excitonic states contributed - strongly to the final output signal. The strong contribution - from the continuum states to the initial excitation shows that - the continuum states are coupled to the A and B excitonic - states and that fast intraband relaxation is occurring on a - sub-70 fs time scale. A comparison of the CMDS excitation - signal and the absorption spectrum shows that the relative - importance of the continuum states is determined primarily by - their absorption strength. Diagonal and cross-peak features - decay with a 680 fs time constant characteristic of exciton - recombination and/or trapping. The short time dynamics are - complicated by coherent and partially coherent pathways that - become important when the excitation pulses are temporally - overlapped. In this region, the coherent dynamics create - diagonal features involving both the excitonic states and - continuum states, while the partially coherent pathways - contribute to cross-peak features.}, - file = {::}, - issn = {1936-0851}, - keywords = {2D,2d,are layered,molybdenum sul fi de,molybdenum - sulfide,multidimensional,nonlinear,ransition metal - dichalcogenides,semiconductors with strong spin,such as mos - 2,tmdcs,transition metal dichalcogenides,ultrafast - dynamics,{\`{a}}}, - month = {dec}, - pmid = 26525496, -} - -@article{Dai2009, - author = {Dai, Quanqin and Wang, Yingnan Yiding and Li, Xinbi and Zhang, - Yu and Pellegrino, Donald J. and Zhao, Muxun and Zou, Bo and - Seo, JaeTae and Wang, Yingnan Yiding and Yu, William W.}, - title = {{Size-dependent composition and molar extinction coefficient - of PbSe semiconductor nanocrystals.}}, - journal = {ACS nano}, - volume = 3, - number = 6, - pages = {1518--24}, - year = 2009, - doi = {10.1021/nn9001616}, - url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19702314}, - abstract = {Atomic compositions and molar extinction coefficients of PbSe - semiconductor nanocrystals were determined by atomic - absorption spectrometry, UV-vis-NIR spectrophotometry, and - transmission electron microscopy. The Pb/Se atomic ratio was - found to be size-dependent with a systematic excess of Pb - atoms in the PbSe nanocrystal system. Experimental results - indicated that the individual PbSe nanocrystal was - nonstoichiometric, consisting of a PbSe core and an extra - layer of Pb atoms. For these nonstoichiometric PbSe - semiconductor nanocrystals, we proposed a new computational - approach to calculate the total number of Pb and Se atoms in - different sized particles. This calculation played a key role - on the accurate determination of the strongly size-dependent - extinction coefficient, which followed a power law with an - exponent of approximately 2.5.}, - file = {::}, - isbn = {1936-0851}, - issn = {1936-086X}, - keywords = {Composition,Molar extinction coefficient,PbSe,Semiconductor - nanocrystal,Size dependence,informative,size-exciton - correlation}, - mendeley-tags ={informative}, - month = {jun}, - pmid = 19435305, -} - -@article{DeGeyter2012, - author = {{De Geyter}, Bram and Geiregat, Pieter and Gao, Yunan and {Ten - Cate}, Sybren and Houtepen, Arjan J. and Schins, Juleon M. and - {Van Thourhout}, Dries and Siebbeles, Laurens D A and Hens, - Zeger}, - title = {{Broadband and picosecond intraband absorption in lead based - colloidal quantum dots}}, - journal = {ACS Nano}, - number = 7, - pages = {6067--6074}, - year = 2012, - doi = {10.1109/ICTON.2012.6254469}, - abstract = {Using femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy we - demonstrate that lead chalcogenide nanocrystals show - considerable, photoinduced absorption (PA) in a broad - wavelength range just below the bandgap. The time-dependent - decay of the PA signal correlates with the recovery of the - band gap absorption, indicating that the same carriers are - involved. Based on this, we assign this PA signal to intraband - absorption, i.e., the excitation of photogenerated carriers - from the bottom of the conduction band or the top of the - valence band to higher energy levels in the conduction and - valence band continuum. We confirm our experiments with - tight-binding calculations. This broadband response in the - commercially interesting near to mid-infrared range is very - relevant for ultra high speed all optical signal processing. - We benchmark the performance with bulk-Si and - Si-nanocrystals.}, - file = {::}, - isbn = 9781467322270, - issn = 21627339, - keywords = {colloidal nanocrystals,free carrier absorption,intraband - absorption,lead chalcogenide,optical signal - processing,tight-binding,transient absorption spectroscopy}, - pmid = 22686663, -} - -@article{DelCoso2004, - author = {del Coso, Ra{\'{u}}l and Solis, Javier}, - title = {{Relation between nonlinear refractive index and third-order - susceptibility in absorbing media}}, - journal = {Journal of the Optical Society of America B}, - volume = 21, - number = 3, - pages = 640, - year = 2004, - doi = {10.1364/JOSAB.21.000640}, - url = {http://www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?URI=JOSAB-21-3-640 - https://www.osapublishing.org/abstract.cfm?URI=josab-21-3-640}, - abstract = {Expressions relating complex third-order optical - susceptibility ($\chi$(3)=$\chi$R(3)+i$\chi$I(3)) with - nonlinear refractive index (n2) and nonlinear absorption - coefficient ($\beta$) have been formulated that eliminate the - commonly used approximation of a negligible linear absorption - coefficient. The resulting equations do not show the - conventional linear dependence of $\chi$R(3) with n2 and - $\chi$I(3) with $\beta$. Nonlinear refraction and absorption - result instead from the interplay between the real and - imaginary parts of the first- and third-order susceptibilities - of the material. This effect is illustrated in the case of a - metal–dielectric nanocomposite for which n2 and $\beta$ values - were experimentally obtained by Z-scan measurements and for - which the use of the new formulas for $\chi$R(3) and - $\chi$I(3) yield a large correction and a sign reversal for - $\chi$I(3).}, - file = {::}, - issn = {0740-3224}, - month = {mar}, - pmid = 220057300022, -} - -@article{Gdor2012, - author = {Gdor, Itay and Sachs, Hanan and Roitblat, Avishy and - Strasfeld, David B. and Bawendi, Moungi G. and Ruhman, - Sanford}, - title = {{Exploring exciton relaxation and multiexciton generation in - PbSe nanocrystals using hyperspectral near-IR probing.}}, - journal = {ACS nano}, - volume = 6, - number = 4, - pages = {3269--77}, - year = 2012, - doi = {10.1021/nn300184n}, - url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22390473}, - abstract = {Hyperspectral femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy is - employed to record exciton relaxation and recombination in - colloidal lead selenide (PbSe) nanocrystals in unprecedented - detail. Results obtained with different pump wavelengths and - fluences are scrutinized with regard to three issues: (1) - early subpicosecond spectral features due to "hot" excitons - are analyzed in terms of suggested underlying mechanisms; (2) - global kinetic analysis facilitates separation of the - transient difference spectra into single, double, and triple - exciton state contributions, from which individual band - assignments can be tested; and (3) the transient spectra are - screened for signatures of multiexciton generation (MEG) by - comparing experiments with excitation pulses both below and - well above the theoretical threshold for multiplication. For - the latter, a recently devised ultrafast pump-probe - spectroscopic approach is employed. Scaling sample - concentrations and pump pulse intensities inversely with the - extinction coefficient at each excitation wavelength overcomes - ambiguities due to direct multiphoton excitation, - uncertainties of absolute absorption cross sections, and low - signal levels. As observed in a recent application of this - method to InAs core/shell/shell nanodots, no sign of MEG was - detected in this sample up to photon energy 3.7 times the band - gap. Accordingly, numerous reports of efficient MEG in other - samples of PbSe suggest that the efficiency of this process - varies from sample to sample and depends on factors yet to be - determined.}, - file = {::}, - isbn = {1936-086X (Electronic)$\backslash$r1936-0851 (Linking)}, - issn = {1936-086X}, - keywords = {SADS,carrier multiplication,ciency in nanocrystals has,exciton - cooling,in accord,led,meg effi-,multiexciton - generation,quantum dots,the apparent enhancement of,ultrafast - spectroscopy}, - mendeley-tags ={SADS}, - month = {apr}, - pmid = 22390473, -} - -@article{Gdor2013a, - author = {Gdor, Itay and Yang, Chunfan and Yanover, Diana and Sachs, - Hanan and Lifshitz, Efrat and Ruhman, Sanford}, - title = {{Novel Spectral Decay Dynamics of Hot Excitons in PbSe - Nanocrystals: A Tunable Femtosecond Pump–Hyperspectral Probe - Study}}, - journal = {The Journal of Physical Chemistry C}, - volume = 117, - number = 49, - pages = {26342--26350}, - year = 2013, - doi = {10.1021/jp409530z}, - url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jp409530z}, - abstract = {Ultrafast exciton cooling in highly monodisperse PbSe - nanocrystals is followed with tunable pump?hyperspectral - near-IR probe spectroscopy. Unexpected kinetic and spectral - correlations between induced bleach and absorption features - are revealed, which are incompatible with standard models for - excited nanocrystal absorption. Interband optical excitation - immediately generates a sharp bleach feature near the 1Sh1Se - transition which is unchanged during exciton thermalization, - while pumping well above the band edge induces an intense - absorption at frequencies just below the band edge which - decays concurrently with a buildup of renewed absorbance at - the 1Ph1Pe peak during exciton cooling. Transient spectra of - hot single and double excitons are nearly indistinguishable, - arguing against the controversial involvement of Auger cooling - in the rapid dissipation of excess energy in excited PbSe QDs. - Finally, quantitative signal analysis shows no signs of - multiexciton generation up to photon energies four times the - sample band gap. Ultrafast exciton cooling in highly - monodisperse PbSe nanocrystals is followed with tunable - pump?hyperspectral near-IR probe spectroscopy. Unexpected - kinetic and spectral correlations between induced bleach and - absorption features are revealed, which are incompatible with - standard models for excited nanocrystal absorption. Interband - optical excitation immediately generates a sharp bleach - feature near the 1Sh1Se transition which is unchanged during - exciton thermalization, while pumping well above the band edge - induces an intense absorption at frequencies just below the - band edge which decays concurrently with a buildup of renewed - absorbance at the 1Ph1Pe peak during exciton cooling. - Transient spectra of hot single and double excitons are nearly - indistinguishable, arguing against the controversial - involvement of Auger cooling in the rapid dissipation of - excess energy in excited PbSe QDs. Finally, quantitative - signal analysis shows no signs of multiexciton generation up - to photon energies four times the sample band gap.}, - file = {::}, - isbn = 1557522790, - issn = {1932-7447}, - month = {dec}, -} - -@article{Gdor2015, - author = {Gdor, Itay and Shapiro, Arthur and Yang, Chunfan and Yanover, - Diana and Lifshitz, Efrat and Ruhman, Sanford}, - title = {{Three-pulse femtosecond spectroscopy of PbSe nanocrystals: 1S - bleach nonlinearity and sub-band-edge excited-state absorption - assignment}}, - journal = {ACS Nano}, - volume = 9, - number = 2, - pages = {2138--2147}, - year = 2015, - doi = {10.1021/nn5074868}, - abstract = {Above band-edge photo-excitation of PbSe nanocrystals induces - strong below band-gap absorption as well as a multi-phased - buildup of bleaching in the 1Se1Sh transition. The amplitudes - and kinetics of these features deviate from expectations based - on bi-exciton shifts and state filling which are the - mechanisms usually evoked to explain them. To clarify these - discrepancies, the same transitions are investigated here by - double-pump probe spectroscopy. Re-exciting in the below - band-gap induced absorption characteristic of hot excitons is - shown to produce additional excitons with high probability. In - addition, pump-probe experiments on a sample saturated with - single relaxed excitons proves that the resulting 1Se1Sh - bleach is not linear with the number of excitons per - nanocrystal. This finding holds for two samples differing - significantly in size, demonstrating its generality. Analysis - of the results suggest that below band edge induced absorption - in hot exciton states is due to excited state absorption and - not to shifted absorption of cold carriers, and that 1Se1Sh - bleach signals are not an accurate counter of sample excitons - when their distribution includes multi-exciton states.}, - file = {::}, - isbn = {1936-0851}, - issn = {1936086X}, - keywords = {exciton cooling,multiexciton generation,nanocrystals,quantum - dots,ultrafast spectroscopy}, -} - -@article{Gdor2015a, - author = {Gdor, Itay and Yanover, Dianna and Yang, Chunfan and Shapiro, - Arthur and Lifshitz, Efrat and Ruhman, Sanford}, - title = {{Three Pulse Femtosecond Spectroscopy of PbSe Nano-Crystals ; - 1S Bleach Nonlinearity and Sub Band-Edge Excited State - Absorption Assignment Three Pulse Femtosecond Spectroscopy of - PbSe nano-Crystals ; 1S Bleach Nonlinearity and Sub Band-edge - Excited State A}}, - journal = {ACS Nano}, - pages = {2--5}, - year = 2015, - doi = {10.1021/nn5074868}, - file = {::}, -} - -@article{Geiregat2014, - author = {Geiregat, Pieter and Houtepen, Arjan J. and Justo, Yolanda and - Grozema, Ferdinand C. and {Van Thourhout}, Dries and Hens, - Zeger}, - title = {{Coulomb Shifts upon Exciton Addition to Photoexcited PbS - Colloidal Quantum Dots}}, - journal = {The Journal of Physical Chemistry C}, - volume = 118, - number = 38, - pages = {22284--22290}, - year = 2014, - doi = {10.1021/jp505530k}, - url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jp505530k}, - abstract = {Using ultrafast hyperspectral transient absorption (TA) - spectroscopy, we determine the biexciton addition energies in - PbS quantum dots (QDs) with different sizes when either a cold - or a hot electron−hole pair is added to a QD already - containing a cooled exciton. The observed dependence of this - so-called biexciton addition energy on the QD diameter and the - exciton energy can be rationalized by interpreting the - addition energies as the result of an imbalance in the Coulomb - interactions between the newly created carriers and the - carriers already present in a QD. The obtained results are - therefore relevant from both a fundamental and practical point - of view. They provide experimental data on Coulomb interaction - between charge carriers in confined semiconductors that can be - compared with theoretical estimates. Moreover, understanding - the way hot−cold biexciton addition energies influence the - transient absorption spectrum adds a new element to the - transient absorption toolbox for the optoelectronic properties - of colloidal QDs. ■ INTRODUCTION Colloidal semiconductor - nanocrystals or quantum dots (QDs) are an increasingly - prominent class of low-dimensional nanomaterials that combine - size-tunable electronic and optical properties with a - suitability for solution-based processing. Starting from - fundamental research and theoretical modeling on their unique - physical properties, QDs are now applied in a variety of - domains such as solar energy harvesting, photo-detection, and - light-emitting diodes or displays. 1−5 These applications - typically rely on the linear optical properties of QDs, i.e., - light absorption by unexcited QDs and light emission by - radiative recombination in excited QDs. On the other hand, - various studies have shown that the spectral and - time-dependent properties of excited QDs can strongly enhance - the performance of QD-based devices in the above mention - applications or enable QDs to be used in completely different - applications. Quantum dots excited with photons having - energies exceeding twice that of the QD bandgap transition - can, for example, dissipate their excess energy by forming - biexcitons in a process called multiple exciton generation - (MEG) that can considerably enhance the short circuit current - of single junction, QD-based solar cells. 2,6−8 Controlling - the recombination rate of biexcitons by nonradiative Auger - processes allowed for the formation of blinking-free QDs and - facilitated the formation of QD-based lasers. 9,10 Moreover, - it was proven that excited QDs exhibit a broadband and - ultrafast photoinduced absorption related to intraband - transitions of either the excited electron or hole, which - could be used for optical modulation. 11,12}, - file = {::;::}, - issn = {1932-7447}, - month = {sep}, -} - -@article{Gesuele2012, - author = {Gesuele, F and Sfeir, M Y and Murray, C B and Heinz, T F and - Wong, C W}, - title = {{Biexcitonic Effects in Excited Ultrafast Supercontinuum - S{\aa}ectroscopy of Carrier Multiplication and Biexctionic - Effects in Excited States of PbS Quantum Dots}}, - journal = {Nano letters}, - volume = 12, - pages = 2658, - year = 2012, - file = {::}, - keywords = {1,2 the strong spatial,based-materials for third-generation - photovol-,carrier multiplication,confinement of electronic - wave,here is great interest,in the properties - of,multiple-exciton generation,qd,quantum dot,solar - cells,taics,ultrafast spectroscopy}, -} - -@article{Hogemann1996, - author = {H{\"{o}}gemann, Claudia and Pauchard, Marc and Vauthey, Eric}, - title = {{Picosecond transient grating spectroscopy: The nature of the - diffracted spectrum}}, - journal = {Review of Scientific Instruments}, - volume = 67, - number = 10, - pages = {3449--3453}, - year = 1996, - doi = {10.1063/1.1147157}, - url = {http://link.aip.org/link/RSINAK/v67/i10/p3449/s1{\&}Agg=doi - http://aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/1.1147157}, - file = {::}, - issn = {0034-6748}, - month = {oct}, -} - -@article{Hutchings1992, - author = {Hutchings, D C and Sheik-Bahae, M and Hagan, D J and {Van - Stryland}, E W}, - title = {{Kramers-Kronig relations in nonlinear optics}}, - journal = {Optical and Quantum Electronics}, - volume = 24, - number = 1, - pages = {1--30}, - year = 1992, - doi = {10.1007/BF01234275}, - url = - {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01234275{\%}5Cnhttp://www.springerlink.com/index/10.1007/BF01234275}, - abstract = {We review dispersion relations, which relate the real part of - the optical susceptibility (refraction) to the imaginary part - (absorption). We derive and discuss these relations as applied - to nonlinear optical systems. It is shown that in the - nonlinear case, for self-action effects the correct form for - such dispersion relations is nondegenerate, i.e. it is - necessary to use multiple frequency arguments. Nonlinear - dispersion relations have been shown to be very useful as they - usually only require integration over a limited frequency - range (corresponding to frequencies at which the absorption - changes), unlike the conventional linear Kramers-Kr{\"{o}}nig - relation which requires integration over all absorbing - frequencies. Furthermore, calculation of refractive index - changes using dispersion relations is easier than a direct - calculation of the susceptibility, as transition rates (which - give absorption coefficients) are, in general, far easier to - calculate than the expectation value of the optical - polarization. Both resonant (generation of some excitation - that is long lived compared with an optical period) and - nonresonant ‘instantaneous' optical nonlinearities are - discussed, and it is shown that the nonlinear dispersion - relation has a common form and can be understood in terms of - the linear Kramers-Kr{\"{o}}nig relation applied to a new - system consisting of the material plus some ‘perturbation'. We - present several examples of the form of this external - perturbation, which can be viewed as the pump in a pump-probe - experiment. We discuss the two-level saturated atom model and - bandfilling in semiconductors among others for the resonant - case. For the nonresonant case some recent work is included - where the electronic nonlinear refractive coefficient,n2, is - determined from the nonlinear absorption processes of - two-photon absorption, Raman transitions and the a.c. Stark - effect. We also review how the dispersion relations can be - extended to give alternative forms for frequency summation - which, for example, allows the real and imaginary parts of?(2) - to be related.}, - file = {::;::}, - isbn = {0306-8919}, - issn = 03068919, -} - -@article{Kang1997, - author = {Kang, Inuk and Wise, Frank W.}, - title = {{Electronic structure and optical properties of PbS and PbSe - quantum dots}}, - journal = {Journal of the Optical Society of America B}, - volume = 14, - number = 7, - pages = 1632, - year = 1997, - doi = {10.1364/JOSAB.14.001632}, - url = - {http://www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?URI=josab-14-7-1632}, - file = {:C$\backslash$:/Users/Dan/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley - Desktop/Downloaded/Kang, Wise - 1997 - Electronic structure - and optical properties of PbS and PbSe quantum dots.pdf:pdf}, - issn = {0740-3224}, - month = {jul}, -} - -@article{Karki2013, - author = {Karki, Khadga J and Ma, Fei and Zheng, Kaibo and Zidek, Karel - and Mousa, Abdelrazek and Abdellah, Mohamed and Messing, Maria - E and Wallenberg, L Reine and Yartsev, Arkadi and Pullerits, - T{\~{o}}nu}, - title = {{Multiple exciton generation in nano-crystals revisited: - consistent calculation of the yield based on pump-probe - spectroscopy.}}, - journal = {Scientific reports}, - volume = 3, - pages = 2287, - year = 2013, - doi = {10.1038/srep02287}, - url = - {http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=3724175{\&}tool=pmcentrez{\&}rendertype=abstract}, - abstract = {Multiple exciton generation (MEG) is a process in which more - than one exciton is generated upon the absorption of a high - energy photon, typically higher than two times the band gap, - in semiconductor nanocrystals. It can be observed - experimentally using time resolved spectroscopy such as the - transient absorption measurements. Quantification of the MEG - yield is usually done by assuming that the bi-exciton signal - is twice the signal from a single exciton. Herein we show that - this assumption is not always justified and may lead to - significant errors in the estimated MEG yields. We develop a - methodology to determine proper scaling factors to the signals - from the transient absorption experiments. Using the - methodology we find modest MEG yields in lead chalcogenide - nanocrystals including the nanorods.}, - file = {::}, - issn = {2045-2322}, - month = {jan}, - pmid = 23887181, -} - -@article{Kohler2014, - author = {Kohler, Daniel D. and Block, Stephen B. and Kain, Schuyler and - Pakoulev, Andrei V. and Wright, John C.}, - title = {{Ultrafast Dynamics within the 1S Exciton Band of Colloidal - PbSe Quantum Dots Using Multiresonant Coherent - Multidimensional Spectroscopy}}, - journal = {The Journal of Physical Chemistry C}, - volume = 118, - number = 9, - pages = {5020--5031}, - year = 2014, - doi = {10.1021/jp412058u}, - url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jp412058u}, - file = {::}, - issn = {1932-7447}, - month = {mar}, -} - -@article{Kohler2017, - author = {Kohler, Daniel D and Thompson, Blaise J and Wright, John C}, - title = {{Frequency-domain coherent multidimensional spectroscopy when - dephasing rivals pulsewidth: Disentangling material and - instrument response}}, - journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics}, - volume = 147, - number = 8, - pages = 084202, - year = 2017, - doi = {10.1063/1.4986069}, - url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4986069 - http://aip.scitation.org/toc/jcp/147/8 - http://aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/1.4986069}, - abstract = {Ultrafast spectroscopy is often collected in the mixed - frequency/time domain, where pulse durations are similar to - system dephasing times. In these experiments, expectations - derived from the familiar driven and impulsive limits are not - valid. This work simulates the mixed-domain four-wave mixing - response of a model system to develop expectations for this - more complex field-matter interaction. We explore frequency - and delay axes. We show that these line shapes are exquisitely - sensitive to excitation pulse widths and delays. Near pulse - overlap, the excitation pulses induce correlations that - resemble signatures of dynamic inhomogeneity. We describe - these line shapes using an intuitive picture that connects to - familiar field-matter expressions. We develop strategies for - distinguishing pulse-induced correlations from true system - inhomogeneity. These simulations provide a founda-tion for - interpretation of ultrafast experiments in the mixed domain.}, - file = {::}, - issn = {0021-9606}, - month = {aug}, -} - -@article{Kraatz2014, - author = {Kraatz, Ingvar T and Booth, Matthew and Whitaker, Benjamin J - and Nix, Michael G D and Critchley, Kevin}, - title = {{Sub-Bandgap Emission and Intraband Defect-Related - Excited-State Dynamics in Colloidal CuInS 2 /ZnS Quantum Dots - Revealed by Femtosecond Pump − Dump − Probe Spectroscopy}}, - year = {2014}, - file = {::}, -} - -@article{Lucarini2008, - author = {Lucarini, Valerio}, - title = {{Response theory for equilibrium and non-equilibrium - statistical mechanics: Causality and generalized - kramers-kronig relations}}, - journal = {Journal of Statistical Physics}, - volume = 131, - number = 3, - pages = {543--558}, - year = 2008, - doi = {10.1007/s10955-008-9498-y}, - abstract = {We consider the general response theory proposed by Ruelle for - describing the impact of small perturbations to the - non-equilibrium steady states resulting from Axiom A dynamical - systems. We show that the causality of the response functions - allows for writing a set of Kramers-Kronig relations for the - corresponding susceptibilities at all orders of nonlinearity. - Nonetheless, only a special class of observable - susceptibilities obey Kramers-Kronig relations. Specific - results are provided for arbitrary order harmonic response, - which allows for a very comprehensive Kramers-Kronig analysis - and the establishment of sum rules connecting the asymptotic - behavior of the susceptibility to the short-time response of - the system. These results generalize previous findings on - optical Hamiltonian systems and simple mechanical models, and - shed light on the general impact of considering the principle - of causality for testing self-consistency: the described - dispersion relations constitute unavoidable benchmarks for any - experimental and model generated dataset. In order to connect - the response theory for equilibrium and non equilibrium - systems, we rewrite the classical results by Kubo so that - response functions formally identical to those proposed by - Ruelle, apart from the measure involved in the phase space - integration, are obtained. We briefly discuss how these - results, taking into account the chaotic hypothesis, might be - relevant for climate research. In particular, whereas the - fluctuation-dissipation theorem does not work for - non-equilibrium systems, because of the non-equivalence - between internal and external fluctuations, Kramers-Kronig - relations might be more robust tools for the definition of a - self-consistent theory of climate change.}, - archivePrefix ={arXiv}, - arxivId = {0710.0958}, - eprint = {0710.0958}, - file = {::}, - issn = 00224715, - keywords = {Axiom A dynamical systems,Chaotic hypothesis,Climate,Harmonic - generation,Kramers-Kronig relations,Kubo response - theory,Non-equilibrium steady states,Ruelle response - theory,SRB measure}, -} - -@article{Moreels2006, - author = {Moreels, I. and Hens, Z. and Kockaert, P. and Loicq, J. and - {Van Thourhout}, D.}, - title = {{Spectroscopy of the nonlinear refractive index of colloidal - PbSe nanocrystals}}, - journal = {Applied Physics Letters}, - volume = 89, - number = 19, - pages = {0--4}, - year = 2006, - doi = {10.1063/1.2385658}, - abstract = {A spectroscopic study of the optical nonlinearity of PbSe - colloidal solutions was performed with the Z-scan technique at - wavelength intervals of 1200-1350 and 1540-1750 nm. While - nonlinear absorption remains below the detection threshold, - the third order nonlinear refractive index n(2) shows clear - resonances, somewhat blueshifted relative to the exciton - transitions in the absorbance spectrum. The occurrence of - thermal effects is ruled out by time-resolved measurements. At - 1.55 mu m, measured (resonant) n(2) values exceed typical bulk - semiconductor values by two orders of magnitude. At high - optical intensity, the refractive index change saturates, - indicating that statefilling lies at the origin of the - observed effect.}, - file = {::}, - isbn = {0003-6951}, - issn = 00036951, -} - -@article{Moreels2007, - author = {Moreels, Iwan and Lambert, Karel and {De Muynck}, David and - Vanhaecke, Frank and Poelman, Dirk and Martins, Jos{\'{e}} C. - and Allan, Guy and Hens, Zeger}, - title = {{Composition and Size-Dependent Extinction Coefficient of - Colloidal PbSe Quantum Dots}}, - journal = {Chemistry of Materials}, - volume = 19, - number = 25, - pages = {6101--6106}, - year = 2007, - doi = {10.1021/cm071410q}, - url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/cm071410q}, - file = {::}, - issn = {0897-4756}, - keywords = {reference,size-exciton correlation}, - mendeley-tags ={reference}, - month = {dec}, -} - -@article{Moreels2008, - author = {Moreels, Iwan and Hens, Zeger}, - title = {{On the interpretation of colloidal quantum-dot absorption - spectra.}}, - journal = {Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)}, - volume = 4, - number = 11, - pages = {1866--8; author reply 1869--70}, - year = 2008, - doi = {10.1002/smll.200800068}, - url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18855972}, - file = {::}, - issn = {1613-6829}, - keywords = {Absorption,Colloids,Colloids: chemistry,Quantum Dots,Spectrum - Analysis,Spectrum Analysis: methods}, - month = {nov}, - pmid = 18855972, -} - -@article{Moreels2009, - author = {Moreels, Iwan and Lambert, Karel and Muynck, David De and - Vanhaecke, Frank and Poelman, Dirk and Martins, Jos{\'{e}} C - and Allan, Guy and Hens, Zeger}, - title = {{Size-Dependent Optical Properties of Colloidal {\{}PbS{\}} - Quantum Dots}}, - journal = {ACS Nano}, - volume = 3, - number = 10, - pages = {3023--3030}, - year = 2009, - doi = {10.1021/nn900863a}, - abstract = {We quantitatively investigate the size-dependent optical - properties of colloidal {\{}PbS{\}} nanocrystals or quantum - dots (Qdots), by combining the Qdot absorbance spectra with - detailed elemental analysis of the Qdot suspensions. At high - energies, the molar extinction coefficient ?? increases with - the Qdot volume d3 and agrees with theoretical calculations - using the Maxwell???Garnett effective medium theory and bulk - values for the Qdot dielectric function. This demonstrates - that quantum confinement has no influence on ?? in this - spectral range, and it provides an accurate method to - calculate the Qdot concentration. Around the band gap, ?? only - increases with d1.3, and values are comparable to the ?? of - {\{}PbSe{\}} Qdots. The data are related to the oscillator - strength fif of the band gap transition and results agree well - with theoretical tight-binding calculations, predicting a - linear dependence of fif on d. For both {\{}PbS{\}} and - {\{}PbSe{\}} Qdots, the exciton lifetime ?? is calculated from - fif. We find values ranging between 1 and 3 ??s, in agreement - with experimental literature data from time-resolved - luminescence spectroscopy. Our results provide a thorough - general framework to calculate and understand the optical - properties of suspended colloidal quantum dots. Most - importantly, it highlights the significance of the local field - factor in these systems.}, - file = {::}, - issn = {1936-0851}, - keywords = {exciton lifetime,extinction coefficient,lead - chalcogenide,molar,oscillator strength,pbse,semiconductor - nanocrystals}, -} - -@article{Nootz2011, - author = {Nootz, Gero and Padilha, Lazaro A. and Levina, Larissa and - Sukhovatkin, Vlad and Webster, Scott and Brzozowski, Lukasz - and Sargent, Edward H. and Hagan, David J. and {Van Stryland}, - Eric W.}, - title = {{Size dependence of carrier dynamics and carrier - multiplication in PbS quantum dots}}, - journal = {Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics}, - volume = 83, - number = 15, - pages = {1--7}, - year = 2011, - doi = {10.1103/PhysRevB.83.155302}, - abstract = {The time dynamics of the photoexcited carriers and - carrier-multiplication efficiencies in PbS quantum dots (QDs) - are investigated. In particular, we report on the carrier - dynamics, including carrier multiplication, as a function of - QD size and compare them to the bulk value. We show that the - intraband 1P -{\textgreater} 1S decay becomes faster for - smaller QDs, in agreement with the absence of a phonon - bottleneck. Furthermore, as the size of the QDs decreases, the - energy threshold for carrier multiplication shifts from the - bulk value to higher energies. However, the energy threshold - shift is smaller than the band-gap shift and, therefore, for - the smallest QDs, the threshold approaches 2.35 E(g), which is - close to the theoretical energy conservation limit of twice - the band gap. We also show that the carrier-multiplication - energy efficiency increases with decreasing QD size. By - comparing to theoretical models, our results suggest that - impact ionization is sufficient to explain carrier - multiplication in QDs.}, - file = {::}, - isbn = {1098-0121}, - issn = 10980121, -} - -@article{Okumura1999, - author = {Okumura, Ko and Tokmakoff, Andrei and Tanimura, Yoshitaka}, - title = {{Two-dimensional line-shape analysis of photon-echo signal}}, - journal = {Chemical Physics Letters}, - volume = 314, - number = {5-6}, - pages = {488--495}, - year = 1999, - doi = {10.1016/S0009-2614(99)01173-2}, - url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0009261499011732}, - abstract = {We analyze the two-dimensional (2D) line shape obtained by 2D - Fourier transforming the time-domain response of a photon-echo - signal as a function of the two coherence periods, t(1) and - t(3). The line shape obtained for a two-level system with - homogeneous and inhomogeneous broadening is shown to be - sensitive to the magnitude of both of these line-broadening - mechanisms. It is shown that the ellipticity of the 2D line - shape can be related to the ratio of homogeneous to - inhomogeneous broadening. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All - rights reserved.}, - file = {:C$\backslash$:/Users/Dan/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley - Desktop/Downloaded/Okumura, Tokmakoff, Tanimura - 1999 - - Two-dimensional line-shape analysis of photon-echo - signal.pdf:pdf}, - isbn = {0009-2614}, - issn = 00092614, - keywords = {3rd-order,dynamics,glasses,phase,probes,spectroscopy}, - month = {dec}, -} - -@article{Olivero1977, - author = {Olivero, J.J. and Longbothum, R.L.}, - title = {{Empirical fits to the voigt line width: A brief review}}, - journal = {J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer}, - volume = 17, - pages = {233--236}, - year = 1977, - file = {::}, -} - -@article{Omari2012, - author = {Omari, Abdoulghafar and Moreels, Iwan and Masia, Francesco and - Langbein, Wolfgang and Borri, Paola and {Van Thourhout}, Dries - and Kockaert, Pascal and Hens, Zeger}, - title = {{Role of interband and photoinduced absorption in the - nonlinear refraction and absorption of resonantly excited PbS - quantum dots around 1550 nm}}, - journal = {Physical Review B}, - volume = 85, - number = 11, - pages = 115318, - year = 2012, - doi = {10.1103/PhysRevB.85.115318}, - url = {http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevB.85.115318}, - file = {::}, - issn = {1098-0121}, - month = {mar}, -} - -@article{Pang1991, - author = {Pang, Yang and Samoc, Marek and Prasad, Paras N.}, - title = {{Third‐order nonlinearity and two‐photon‐induced molecular - dynamics: Femtosecond time‐resolved transient absorption, Kerr - gate, and degenerate four‐wave mixing studies in poly ( p - ‐phenylene vinylene)/sol‐gel silica film}}, - journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics}, - volume = 94, - number = 8, - pages = {5282--5290}, - year = 1991, - doi = {10.1063/1.460512}, - url = - {http://scitation.aip.org/content/aip/journal/jcp/94/8/10.1063/1.460512 - http://aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/1.460512}, - abstract = {Femtosecond response and relaxation of the third-order optical - nonlinearity in a newly developed poly (p-phenylene - vinylene)/sol-gel silica composite are investigated by time- - resolved forward wave degenerate four-wave mixing, Kerr gate, - and transient absorption techniques using 60 fs pulses at 620 - nm. Using a theoretical description of two- and four-wave - mixing in optically nonlinear media, it is shown that the - results obtained from simultaneous use of these techniques - yield valuable information on the real and imaginary - components of the third-order susceptibility. In the composite - material investigated here, the imaginary component is derived - from the presence of a two-photon resonance at the wavelength - of 620 nm used for the present study. This two-photon - resonance is observed as transient absorption of the probe - beam induced by the presence of a strong pump beam. It also - provides fifth-order nonlinear response both in transient - absorption and in degenerate four-wave mixing. The fifth- - order contributions are derived from the two-photon generated - excited species which can absorb at the measurement wavelength - and therefore modify both the absorption coefficient and the - refractive index of the medium.}, - file = {::}, - issn = {0021-9606}, - month = {apr}, -} - -@article{Peterson2007, - author = {Peterson, JJ and Huang, Libai and Delerue, C. and Allan, Guy}, - title = {{Uncovering forbidden optical transitions in PbSe - nanocrystals}}, - journal = {nano Letters}, - year = 2007, - url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/nl072487g}, - file = {:C$\backslash$:/Users/Dan/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley - Desktop/Downloaded/Peterson et al. - 2007 - Uncovering - forbidden optical transitions in PbSe nanocrystals.pdf:pdf}, - keywords = {1P exciton,2 photon absorption,new,relevant}, - mendeley-tags ={new,relevant}, -} - -@article{Price2015, - author = {Price, Michael B. and Butkus, Justinas and Jellicoe, Tom C. - and Sadhanala, Aditya and Briane, Anouk and Halpert, Jonathan - E. and Broch, Katharina and Hodgkiss, Justin M. and Friend, - Richard H. and Deschler, Felix}, - title = {{Hot-carrier cooling and photoinduced refractive index changes - in organic–inorganic lead halide perovskites}}, - journal = {Nature Communications}, - volume = 6, - number = {May}, - pages = 8420, - year = 2015, - doi = {10.1038/ncomms9420}, - url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms9420 - http://www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/ncomms9420}, - archivePrefix ={arXiv}, - arxivId = {arXiv:1504.07508}, - eprint = {arXiv:1504.07508}, - file = {::}, - issn = {2041-1723}, - publisher = {Nature Publishing Group}, -} - -@article{Schaller2003, - author = {Schaller, Richard D and Petruska, M. a. and Klimov, Victor I.}, - title = {{Tunable Near-Infrared Optical Gain and Amplified Spontaneous - Emission Using PbSe Nanocrystals}}, - journal = {The Journal of Physical Chemistry B}, - volume = 107, - number = 50, - pages = {13765--13768}, - year = 2003, - doi = {10.1021/jp0311660}, - url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jp0311660}, - file = {::;::}, - issn = {1520-6106}, - month = {dec}, -} - -@article{Schins2009, - author = {Schins, Juleon and Trinh, M. and Houtepen, Arjan and - Siebbeles, Laurens}, - title = {{Probing formally forbidden optical transitions in PbSe - nanocrystals by time- and energy-resolved transient absorption - spectroscopy}}, - journal = {Physical Review B}, - volume = 80, - number = 3, - pages = 035323, - year = 2009, - doi = {10.1103/PhysRevB.80.035323}, - url = {http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevB.80.035323}, - file = {::}, - issn = {1098-0121}, - month = {jul}, -} - -@article{Svirko1999, - author = {{P. Svirko}, Yuri and Shirane, Masayuki and Suzuura, Hidekatsu - and Kuwata-Gonokami, Makoto}, - title = {{Four-Wave Mixing Theory at the Excitonic Resonance: Weakly - Interacting Boson Model}}, - journal = {Journal of the Physical Society of Japan}, - volume = 68, - number = 2, - pages = {674--682}, - year = 1999, - doi = {10.1143/JPSJ.68.674}, - url = {http://journals.jps.jp/doi/10.1143/JPSJ.68.674}, - file = {::}, - issn = {0031-9015}, - keywords = {Exciton,Four-particle correlation,Four-wave mixing,Normal mode - splitting,Semiconductor microcavity}, - month = {feb}, -} - -@article{Trinh2008, - author = {Trinh, M Tuan and Houtepen, Arjan J and Schins, Juleon M and - Piris, Jorge and Siebbeles, Laurens D a}, - title = {{Nature of the second optical transition in PbSe - nanocrystals.}}, - journal = {Nano letters}, - volume = 8, - number = 7, - pages = {2112--7}, - year = 2008, - doi = {10.1021/nl8010963}, - url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18510369}, - abstract = {The second peak in the optical absorption spectrum of PbSe - nanocrystals is arguably the most discussed optical transition - in semiconductor nanocrystals. Ten years of scientific debate - have produced many theoretical and experimental claims for the - assignment of this feature as the 1P e1P h as well as the 1S - h,e1P e,h transitions. We studied the nature of this - absorption feature by pump-probe spectroscopy, exactly - controlling the occupation of the states involved, and present - conclusive evidence that the optical transition involves - neither 1S e nor 1S h states. This suggests that it is the 1P - h1P e transition that gives rise to the second peak in the - absorption spectrum of PbSe nanocrystals.}, - file = {::}, - issn = {1530-6984}, - month = {jul}, - pmid = 18510369, -} - -@article{Trinh2013, - author = {Trinh, M. Tuan and Sfeir, Matthew Y. and Choi, Joshua J. and - Owen, Jonathan S. and Zhu, Xiaoyang}, - title = {{A Hot Electron–Hole Pair Breaks the Symmetry of a - Semiconductor Quantum Dot}}, - journal = {Nano Letters}, - volume = 13, - number = 12, - pages = {6091--6097}, - year = 2013, - doi = {10.1021/nl403368y}, - url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/nl403368y}, - file = {::}, - issn = {1530-6984}, - keywords = {google the phrase,hot carriers,nanocrystals or,near the - bandgap is,now well-,one,ptical excitation of - semiconductor,qds,quantum dots,selection rules,stark - effect,symmetry breaking,transient absorption,understood}, - month = {dec}, -} - -@article{Wehrenberg2002, - author = {Wehrenberg, Brian L. and Wang, Congjun and Guyot-Sionnest, - Philippe}, - title = {{Interband and Intraband Optical Studies of PbSe Colloidal - Quantum Dots}}, - journal = {The Journal of Physical Chemistry B}, - volume = 106, - number = 41, - pages = {10634--10640}, - year = 2002, - doi = {10.1021/jp021187e}, - url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jp021187e}, - file = {::}, - issn = {1520-6106}, - month = {oct}, -} - -@article{Wise2000, - author = {Wise, Frank W.}, - title = {{Lead salt quantum dots: the limit of strong quantum - confinement.}}, - journal = {Accounts of chemical research}, - volume = 33, - number = 11, - pages = {773--80}, - year = 2000, - url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11087314}, - abstract = {Nanocrystals or quantum dots of the IV-VI semiconductors PbS, - PbSe, and PbTe provide unique properties for investigating the - effects of strong confinement on electrons and phonons. The - degree of confinement of charge carriers can be many times - stronger than in most II-VI and III-V semiconductors, and lead - salt nanostructures may be the only materials in which the - electronic energies are determined primarily by quantum - confinement. This Account briefly reviews recent research on - lead salt quantum dots.}, - file = {:C$\backslash$:/Users/Dan/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley - Desktop/Downloaded/Wise - 2000 - Lead salt quantum dots the - limit of strong quantum confinement.pdf:pdf}, - issn = {0001-4842}, - keywords = {Crystallization,Electrochemistry,Lead,Lead: - chemistry,Semiconductors,Temperature}, - month = {nov}, - pmid = 11087314, -} - -@article{Yang2015, - author = {Yang, Ye and Yan, Yong and Yang, Mengjin and Choi, Sukgeun and - Zhu, Kai and Luther, Joseph M and Beard, Matthew C}, - title = {{Low surface recombination velocity in}}, - journal = {Nature Communications}, - volume = 6, - pages = {1--6}, - year = 2015, - doi = {10.1038/ncomms8961}, - url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms8961}, - file = {::}, - publisher = {Nature Publishing Group}, -} - -@article{Yang2017, - author = {Yang, Ye and Yang, Mengjin and Moore, David?T. and Yan, Yong - and Miller, Elisa?M. and Zhu, Kai and Beard, Matthew?C.}, - title = {{Top and bottom surfaces limit carrier lifetime in lead iodide - perovskite films}}, - journal = {Nature Energy}, - volume = 2, - number = 2, - pages = 16207, - year = 2017, - doi = {10.1038/nenergy.2016.207}, - url = {http://www.nature.com/articles/nenergy2016207}, - abstract = {Carrier recombination at defects is detrimental to the - performance of solar energy conversion systems, including - solar cells and photoelectrochemical devices. Point defects - are localized within the bulk crystal while extended defects - occur at surfaces and grain boundaries. If not properly - managed, surfaces can be a large source of carrier - recombination. Separating surface carrier dynamics from bulk - and/or grain-boundary recombination in thin films is - challenging. Here, we employ transient reflection spectroscopy - to measure the surface carrier dynamics in methylammonium lead - iodide perovskite polycrystalline films. We find that surface - recombination limits the total carrier lifetime in perovskite - polycrystalline thin films, meaning that recombination inside - grains and/or at grain boundaries is less important than top - and bottom surface recombination. The surface recombination - velocity in polycrystalline films is nearly an order of - magnitude smaller than that in single crystals, possibly due - to unintended surface passivation of the films during - synthesis.}, - file = {::}, - issn = {2058-7546}, - month = {jan}, -} - -@article{Yurs2011, - author = {Yurs, Lena A and Block, Stephen B and Pakoulev, Andrei V. and - Selinsky, Rachel S. and Jin, Song and Wright, John}, - title = {{Multiresonant Coherent Multidimensional Electronic - Spectroscopy of Colloidal PbSe Quantum Dots}}, - journal = {The Journal of Physical Chemistry C}, - volume = 115, - number = 46, - pages = {22833--22844}, - year = 2011, - doi = {10.1021/jp207273x}, - url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jp207273x}, - file = {::}, - issn = {1932-7447}, - month = {nov}, -} - -@article{Yurs2012, - author = {Yurs, Lena A and Block, Stephen B and Pakoulev, Andrei V. and - Selinsky, Rachel S. and Jin, Song and Wright, John}, - title = {{Spectral Isolation and Measurement of Surface-Trapped State - Multidimensional Nonlinear Susceptibility in Colloidal Quantum - Dots}}, - journal = {The Journal of Physical Chemistry C}, - volume = 116, - number = 9, - pages = {5546--5553}, - year = 2012, - doi = {10.1021/jp3014139}, - url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jp3014139}, - file = {::}, - issn = {1932-7447}, - month = {mar}, -}
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